original research

Payment terms move the deadline, not the behaviour

We looked at 53,095 paid invoices from 180 businesses. Roughly four in ten are paid by the due date, and that barely changes whether the terms are due-on-receipt or Net 30. Giving a client thirty days does not make them more likely to pay on time.

Key figures

  • 53,095 paid invoices from 180 businesses, 2007 to August 2026
  • Invoices due on receipt are paid in 15.9 days on average
  • Net 30 invoices are paid in 47.2 days on average
  • Share paid by the due date: 39.1% on due-on-receipt, 42.3% on Net 30
  • Invoices the client opened are paid 6.9 days sooner than those never opened
  • Invoices in the study with a late fee set: zero

Days to payment by payment terms

Every row below met the reporting threshold of at least 25 distinct businesses and 100 invoices. Terms used by fewer businesses than that were excluded rather than reported.

Billbooks invoice data, 53,095 paid invoices from 180 businesses, 2007 to August 2026.
Payment terms Invoices Businesses Mean days to pay Paid by due date
Due on receipt31,79415915.939.1%
Net 71,4184818.648.5%
Net 155,2765426.947.1%
Net 3012,6206847.242.3%

What the last 24 months show

The figures above cover almost two decades. To see how invoices behave now, we looked separately at the recent window: 8,483 invoices from 112 small businesses, last 24 months (September 2024 to September 2026). The same rule applies: a figure is shown only where at least 25 businesses contribute to it.

Getting paid

  • About 65% of paid invoices are paid after their due date (6,951 paid invoices, 67 businesses). Most invoices are due on receipt, so almost any payment after the day an invoice is sent counts as late.
  • When an invoice is paid late, the typical delay is 11 days; one in four late invoices is 28 or more days late.
  • The typical invoice is paid 9 days after it is issued; one in ten takes 57 days or longer.
  • About 7% of paid invoices arrive more than 60 days after the due date.

Most invoices count as late, but mostly because most are due on receipt, which makes any payment after the day of sending late by definition. The better measure is days to be paid: a week or two for the typical invoice, and only a small share drift into the range where the money starts to look lost.

What to do: Plan cash on the basis that most invoices will land a week or two after they go out. Treat the few still open a month past due as a separate problem, and pick up the phone for those.

Terms nobody changes

  • About 63% of invoices are issued due on receipt (98 businesses).
  • Nearly 8 in 10 active businesses (87 of 112, 78%) never change the default payment terms, so most invoices go out due on receipt.
  • Of invoices issued due on receipt, 77% are paid after the day they are sent, 18 days after the invoice date on average (4,238 invoices, 56 businesses). The due date is the day the invoice goes out, so almost every payment counts as late, which is not the same as slow.
  • Shorter terms bring the money in sooner: invoices due on receipt are paid in 15.9 days on average and Net 30 invoices in 47.2 days, while the share paid by the due date barely changes (39.1% against 42.3%).

Most invoices say due on receipt because it is the default setting and few owners ever change it. By its own terms nearly every one of those invoices is late, but that is a matter of definition, not speed: across the full study, due on receipt was the quickest of all the common terms to be paid.

What to do: Keep terms short if you want the money sooner; longer terms add days to the wait almost one for one without making clients more punctual. A short fixed date, such as 7 days, gives you a date to point to when you chase, at the cost of a few days in the full study.

One big client

  • For the typical small business, the single biggest client accounts for 43% of a year's billing (58 businesses with two or more clients).
  • In 45% of small businesses, one client accounts for half or more of a year's billing (58 businesses).
  • About 40% of clients are billed exactly once in two years; the rest are repeat business (1,934 clients, 112 businesses).

For many small businesses one client is close to half the year, and repeat customers carry the rest. That is a comfortable position until the big client pays late, and then everyone the business pays waits too.

What to do: Work out what share of last year your largest client was. If it is half or more, decide now what you would do if their payments slipped by a month, before it happens.

Small and steady

  • The typical invoice is about $1,000; the middle half run from about $390 to $2,790 (US dollar invoices, per business).
  • The typical US business in the data is still showing $8,900 owed on this year's invoices, almost all of it past due (43 businesses; some of it will be payments received but not yet recorded).
  • About 91% of payments arrive Monday to Friday; there is no rush at the start or end of the month.
  • Only about 1 in 5 invoicing businesses (25 of 112) records any expenses alongside its invoices.

The typical invoice is modest, but unpaid ones add up, and a large part of what looks owed can simply be payments nobody recorded. Money arrives on ordinary working days, and very few owners keep their costs in the same place as their invoices.

What to do: Once a month, mark off every payment that has arrived and look at what is really still owed. Recording expenses next to invoices is what lets you see profit rather than just income.

Source: Billbooks invoice data, 8,483 invoices from 112 small businesses, September 2024 to September 2026 (aggregate only, figures shown only where 25+ businesses contribute).

Three questions this data could not answer

Stated because a study that only reports what worked is not worth trusting.

Whether late fees get invoices paid faster

A late fee was set on zero of 67,634 invoices. Not a small number, none. With no invoices carrying a late fee there is no comparison to make, so this study says nothing about whether late fees work.

Whether automatic reminders speed up payment

The raw comparison suggests invoices with reminders switched on are paid more slowly. We do not believe that is cause and effect, and we are not publishing it as a finding. Reminders are not assigned at random: a business turns them on for clients it already expects to chase, so the setting marks expected lateness rather than creating it. Separating the two needs a controlled comparison, which this data cannot provide.

How payment speed varies by industry

Billbooks does not record an industry for a business, so this cannot be measured. Estimating industry from another field would be inventing the dimension rather than measuring it.

Method

  • Source. Billbooks invoice records, 2007 to August 2026.
  • Population. Invoices with at least one recorded payment. Days to payment is measured from the invoice date to the first payment date.
  • Excluded. Sample and demonstration invoices, and any invoice where days to payment computed as negative or over 365, which indicates a data-entry error rather than a slow payer.
  • Reporting threshold. A figure is published only where the bucket contains at least 25 distinct businesses and at least 100 invoices. Thirty-two payment-term buckets fell below that and were suppressed, not rounded or merged.
  • Aggregation only. No individual business, client, invoice or amount was extracted. Every query is a grouped count or average.
  • The recent window. The section on the last 24 months is a separate run over 8,483 invoices from 112 small businesses, last 24 months (September 2024 to September 2026). It uses the same exclusions and a bar of at least 25 distinct businesses behind every figure, and it too is aggregate only: no free-text field was read, and no business, client or invoice can be picked out of the results.

Limitations

  • 180 businesses is a modest base. The invoice count is large because some businesses issue many invoices, so the effective sample is smaller than 53,095 suggests.
  • The window is long. Payment norms between 2007 and 2026 are not constant.
  • These are Billbooks customers, which is not a random sample of businesses. Firms that adopt invoicing software may already chase payment more actively than those that do not.
  • Terms are what was recorded on the invoice, which is not always what was negotiated.
  • Late can mean late to record. Lateness is measured from the payment date an owner records. When a payment is entered days after it arrived, the invoice looks later than it was, so the recent lateness figures may run slightly high.
  • Owed is not the same as unpaid. Amounts still showing as owed include payments that have arrived but have not yet been recorded, so the owed figure is an upper bound.
  • The recent window is smaller. It has fewer businesses behind it than the all-time study, and some figures rest on a subset of them (each states its own base). Treat them as a picture of small businesses using Billbooks, not of every business.

Anyone is welcome to cite these figures with attribution to Billbooks and a link to this page.

The study in forty seconds: due on receipt against Net 30, and why longer terms only move when late begins.

Questions

How long do invoices actually take to get paid? +

Across 53,095 paid Billbooks invoices, the average is 25 days from issue to payment. It varies by terms: invoices due on receipt are paid in 15.9 days, Net 15 in 26.9 days and Net 30 in 47.2 days. Around four in ten are paid by the due date.

Do longer payment terms mean clients pay on time more often? +

No. In this study the share of invoices paid by the due date was 39.1% on due-on-receipt terms and 42.3% on Net 30, a difference of three percentage points across a thirty-day gap in terms. Longer terms move the deadline rather than improving compliance.

Does shortening payment terms actually get you paid sooner? +

Yes, almost one for one. Net 30 invoices were paid at 47.2 days on average and due-on-receipt invoices at 15.9 days. The terms differ by 30 days and the outcome differs by 31, so time granted is added to the wait rather than absorbed by faster behaviour.

Does a client opening an invoice mean they pay it sooner? +

Invoices opened by the client were paid in 19.3 days against 26.2 days for invoices never opened, a gap of 6.9 days. This is a correlation and not proof of cause: opening an invoice and paying it promptly are both signs of an engaged client.

How many invoices are paid late? +

Most of them, on paper. In Billbooks invoice data, about 65% of paid invoices arrive after the due date, largely because most invoices are due on receipt. When an invoice is paid late, the typical delay is 11 days; one in four late invoices is 28 or more days late.

Do clients pay invoices that are due on receipt straight away? +

Not on the day, but sooner than on longer terms. In the Billbooks invoice payment study, invoices due on receipt were paid in 15.9 days on average, against 47.2 days for Net 30. Because the due date is the day the invoice is sent, almost every one counts as late, which is not the same as slow.

How much of a small business depends on its biggest client? +

Often close to half. In Billbooks invoice data covering the last 24 months, for the typical small business, the single biggest client accounts for 43% of a year's billing (58 businesses with two or more clients). In 45% of small businesses, one client accounts for half or more of a year's billing (58 businesses).

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